Mahatma Gandhi played a somewhat paradoxical role during World War I. While he was a strong advocate of nonviolence, he actively encouraged Indians to support the British war effort. Here’s a breakdown of his involvement:
1. Support for the British War Effort
- Gandhi believed that Indians should support the British in the war as a way to earn their goodwill and, eventually, self-rule (Swaraj).
- He urged Indians to volunteer for the British army, arguing that their loyalty would strengthen India’s case for independence after the war.
2. Role in Recruitment
- In 1918, during his time in India, Gandhi actively promoted recruitment efforts in Gujarat, urging young men to join the British forces.
- This was a controversial stance since it seemed to contradict his principle of nonviolence (Ahimsa). However, he saw it as a necessary sacrifice to gain political leverage.
3. Contribution in South Africa
- Before coming back to India in 1915, Gandhi had already supported the British war efforts in South Africa.
- During the Boer War (1899–1902) and later during World War I, he helped organize an Indian Ambulance Corps in South Africa, assisting wounded British soldiers.
4. Aftermath and Shift in Stance
- Despite his support, India did not receive the promised political concessions from the British after the war.
- This disillusionment led Gandhi to launch the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922) against British rule.
His role in World War I highlights his early belief in collaboration with the British before he fully committed to the path of civil disobedience and complete independence for India.