Author: priya

1. Bhagat Singh’s linguistic skills allowed him to read revolutionary literature from different regions and communicate effectively with diverse groups.
2. He was fluent in Punjabi, Hindi, Urdu, and English and had a good grasp of Bengali.
3. He studied European, Russian, and Irish revolutionary movements, learning from their strategies and ideologies.
   His exposure to Bengali literature helped him understand the nationalist movements in Bengal, particularly those led by Subhas Chandra Bose and Aurobindo Ghosh.
4. Through his knowledge of Urdu and Hindi, he wrote powerful articles and slogans that resonated with the masses, strengthening the freedom movement.
5. His fluency in English enabled him to read works of Karl Marx, Lenin, and Victor Hugo, shaping his vision for a socialist India.

On April 8, 1929, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt carried out a dramatic act of protest by throwing two bombs inside the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi. This was a carefully planned move to oppose the Public Safety Bill and Trade Disputes Bill, which were aimed at curbing civil liberties and suppressing revolutionaries.

The Plan and Execution

• Non-lethal Bombs: The bombs were low-intensity and specifically designed to make noise rather than cause casualties.
• Strategic Target: They were thrown into an empty section of the assembly hall to ensure no one was injured.
• Pamphlets and Slogans: As the smoke spread, Bhagat Singh and Dutt shouted “Inquilab Zindabad” (Long Live the Revolution) and threw pamphlets explaining their cause.
• No Attempt to Escape: Instead of running away, both revolutionaries stood firm and allowed themselves to be arrested, knowing they could use their trial as a political platform.

The Trial and Bhagat Singh’s Strategy

• Bhagat Singh viewed the trial as a way to expose British injustice and promote the revolutionary cause.
• He refused to apologize or defend himself in conventional terms, stating:
  “We wanted to make the deaf hear, and for that purpose, the explosion was necessary.”
• He read books in jail, wrote articles, and encouraged his fellow prisoners to fight for their rights.

Impact of the Incident

• The Assembly bombing electrified India’s youth, inspiring many to join the freedom struggle.
• Bhagat Singh emerged as a national hero, despite British attempts to portray him as a criminal.
• His famous slogan “Inquilab Zindabad” became a symbol of resistance against British rule.

This act was not just about throwing a bomb—it was about making a statement that shook the British Empire and awakened the spirit of revolution across India. 🚩

1. Master of Disguise – Bhagat Singh changed his appearance multiple times to evade the British. After killing J.P. Saunders, he shaved his beard, cut his hair (despite being Sikh), and dressed in Western-style clothing to escape Lahore.
2. Fluent in Multiple Languages – He was well-versed in Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi, English, and even read literature in French and Russian, studying works by Karl Marx, Lenin, and Bakunin.
3. Fake Name in Jail – While imprisoned, he sometimes signed his writings as “Vidrohi” (The Rebel) to keep his identity hidden.
4. Refused Mercy Petition – Unlike many other revolutionaries, Bhagat Singh outright refused to sign any mercy plea, despite pressure from his family and political leaders.
5. Wanted to Die Later – He requested the British to execute him by firing squad (like a soldier) instead of hanging. The request was denied.
6. Read Books Before Execution – On the day of his hanging (March 23, 1931), he was reading “Revolutionary Lenin” and calmly said, “Wait a moment, let me finish this page.”
7. British Hastened His Execution – His hanging was scheduled for March 24, 1931, but fearing public outrage, the British secretly executed him a day earlier, at 7:30 PM on March 23.
8. Secret Disposal of His Body – The British secretly cremated his body near the Sutlej River to avoid protests, but locals discovered it and performed his last rites.

Bhagat Singh was not just a freedom fighter but also a philosopher, thinker, and revolutionary intellectual. His ideas continue to inspire people worldwide.

• He was deeply influenced by Marxism and socialism, believing that true independence meant economic and social equality.
• He admired leaders like Lenin, Karl Marx, and Mikhail Bakunin, studying their works while in jail.
• His vision went beyond just political freedom; he wanted to create an egalitarian, secular, and socialist India.

1. “Why I Am an Atheist” – A powerful essay where he explains his rejection of religious beliefs.
2. “Jail Diary of Bhagat Singh” – A collection of his thoughts, letters, and notes written while he was imprisoned.
3. “Ideas of a Nation: Bhagat Singh” – A compilation of his essays on revolution, freedom, and social justice.

Articles & Pamphlets:

4. “The Problem of Language and Script in Punjab” – A discussion on linguistic issues.
5. “Letter to Young Political Workers” – Advice to future revolutionaries.
6. “To The Young Political Workers” – His vision for India’s revolutionary movement.
7. “The Kirti Articles” – A series of essays published in Kirti, a socialist newspaper.
8. “Manifesto of Naujawan Bharat Sabha” – A revolutionary document outlining youth responsibilities.
9. “Blood Sprinkled on the Day of Holi” – A critique of British oppression.
10. “Introduction to the Dreamland” – A philosophical piece on freedom and justice.

1. Bhagat Singh received his early education at Govt. Primary School in Banga, his hometown (now in Pakistan).
2. Later, he studied at Dayanand Anglo-Vedic (DAV) High School in Lahore, which was run by Arya Samaj. This school played a significant role in shaping his nationalist ideas, as it emphasized Vedic teachings and patriotism.
3. For higher studies, he joined the National College in Lahore, which was founded by Lala Lajpat Rai as an alternative to British-controlled institutions. Here, Bhagat Singh was deeply influenced by revolutionary leaders and ideologies.
4. The college became a hub for political discussions, and he actively participated in debates and patriotic activities.
5. His time at National College strengthened his resolve to fight for India’s independence, leading him to join various revolutionary movements.
6. Despite being a bright student, Bhagat Singh was more passionate about the freedom struggle than formal education, and he eventually left college to dedicate himself fully to the cause.

1. Bhagat Singh, one of India’s most revered freedom fighters, was born to Kishan Singh and Vidyavati Kaur in a patriotic Sikh family in Banga, Punjab (now in Pakistan).
2. His father, Kishan Singh, was actively involved in the freedom movement and was associated with revolutionary activities, which greatly influenced Bhagat Singh from a young age.
3. His mother, Vidyavati Kaur, was known for her resilience and played a crucial role in shaping his values. Growing up in an environment filled with nationalist sentiments, Bhagat Singh developed a deep passion for India’s independence, eventually becoming a symbol of courage and sacrifice in the struggle against British rule.

Bhagat Singh was initially part of the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) but later transformed it into the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) in 1928, advocating for socialism alongside independence.

🔴 Killing of J.P. Saunders (1928)
In retaliation for the brutal lathi charge that led to Lala Lajpat Rai’s death, Bhagat Singh, along with Shivaram Rajguru, Sukhdev Thapar, and Chandrashekhar Azad, planned the assassination of James Scott, the British police officer responsible. However, they mistakenly killed J.P. Saunders instead.

🔴 Assembly Bombing (1929)
On April 8, 1929, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw non-lethal bombs in the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi, shouting “Inquilab Zindabad!” (Long Live the Revolution). Instead of escaping, they courted arrest to use the trial as a platform to spread their message.